5.3 Plated Hole Repair, Inner Layer Connection

Printed Board Type: R
Skill Level: Expert
Conformance Level: Medium
Revision: E
Revision Date: Mar 28, 2001

OUTLINE

Damaged Plated Hole with Inner Layer Connection.

This procedure describes the use of flat set eyelets for the repair of a through connection that has an inner layer connect. No surface wire is used. The inner layer reconnect is established by soldering the barrel of an eyelet to the exposed inner layer and the connection is encapsulated in high strength epoxy.

CAUTION
This is a complex repair procedure that demands the proper tools and materials. To expect reliable results, repair technicians must have a high level of expertise. Use this method only when alternative methods are unacceptable.

CAUTION
This procedure requires very accurate control over the location and depth of a milled hole. It is recommended that a precision drill system be used in combination with a high power stereo microscope.
   

ACCEPTABILITY REFERENCES
IPC-A-600 2.0	Externally Observable Characteristics
IPC-A-600 3.0	Internally Observable Characteristics
PROCEDURE REFERENCE
1.0	Forward
2.1	Handling Electronic Assemblies
2.2	Cleaning
IPC7721 5.3	Plated Hole Repair, Inner Layer Connection

Figure 1: Precision Drill System shown with circuit board pinned in place.

TOOLS & MATERIALS
Ball Mills
Caliper
Cleaner
End Mills
Eyelet Press
Eyelets, Various Sizes
Flux, Liquid
Knife
Micro-Drill System
Microscope
Pin Gauges
Plated Hole Repair Kit
Precision Drill System
Setting Form Tool, Various Sizes
Setting Anvil, Various Sizes
Solder Iron
Solder
Wipes

EYELET SELECTION CRITERIA

ID - Inside Diameter
The eyelet inside diameter should be a .075 - .500 mm (.003"-.020") greater than the component lead diameter.

LUF - Length Under Flange
The length of the eyelet barrel under the flange should be .630 - .890 mm (.025" - 035") greater than the thickness of the circuit board. This added length allows for proper protrusion when setting the eyelet.

FD - Flange Diameter
The eyelet flange diameter should be small enough to prevent interference with adjacent lands or circuits.

OD - Outside Diameter
The clearance hole drilled through the circuit board should allow the eyelet to be inserted without force but should not exceed .125 mm (.005") greater than the eyelet outside diameter.

NOTE
Be sure to select an eyelet meeting the proper criteria. An eyelet with an oversize flange may interfere with adjacent circuits. An eyelet that is too short will not protrude through the circuit board for proper setting.

PROCEDURE

1. Figure 2: Mill down to and expose inner layer signal or plane.

   Clean the area.
   
   
2. Select an eyelet using the Eyelet Selection Criteria. Use a pin gauge and caliper to measure the existing plated hole dimensions.
   
   
3. Pin the circuit board to the base of the Precision Drill System. (See Figure 1).
   
   
4. Insert the appropriate ball mill, end mill or drill into the chuck of the drill press.
   
   
5. Mill or drill out the hole. The drilled hole should be approximately .030 mm (0.001") larger than the eyelet O.D. Inspect to ensure no metallic particles or burrs remain.
   
   

6. Figure 3: Solder the eyelet barrel to the exposed inner layer signal or plane.

   Select the side of the assembly that will have a counterbored hole milled into it. This side preferably would have no surface connection.
   
   
7. Select an end mill approximately .050 - .075 mm (.020" - .030") larger than the eyelet diameter. Insert into the Precision Drill System and mill down to and expose the inner layer signal or plane. (See Fig. 2).

   
   CAUTION
   Great care must be taken to control the depth of the milled hole to prevent damage to the inner layer signal or plane.
   
   

8. Figure 4: Fill the milled hole with the epoxy up to, and level with, the surface of the board.

   Clean the area.
   
   
9. Apply a small amount of flux to the exposed signal or plane and tin with solder.
   
   
10. Clean the area.
    
    
11. Insert the eyelet into the hole from the side opposite the milled hole, then apply a small amount of flux into the milled hole.
    
    
12. Solder the eyelet to the exposed inner layer signal or plane by applying heat from a soldering iron to the barrel of the eyelet. (See Figure 3).
    
    

13. Figure 5: Set the eyelet using an Eyelet Press.

    Completely remove any solder flux residue by spray rinsing with cleaner.
    
    
14. Use a microscope and inspect the solder fillet from the eyelet to the inner connection and perform electrical tests as required.
    
    
15. Mix epoxy as required.
    
    
16. Fill the milled hole with the epoxy up to, and level with, the surface of the board. (See Figure 4). The epoxy filler material should be free of voids and air bubbles.
    
    
17. Cure the epoxy per Procedure 2.7 Epoxy Mixing and Handling.
    
    
18. Select the proper setting tools and insert them into the eyelet press. (See Figure 5).
    
    
19. Turn the circuit board over and rest the eyelet flange on the lower setting tool.
    
    

20. Figure 6: Eyelet barrel formed flat to circuit board surface.

    Apply firm even pressure to form the eyelet barrel. (See Figure 6).
    
    
21. Install the component lead and solder, if required.
    
    
22. Clean the area.

EVALUATION

1. Visual examination, dimensional requirement of land diameter and inside diameter.
   
   
2. Electrical continuity as required.